Ivermectin 1% [Noromectin] Injection for Cattle and Swine, 500mL

IVERMECTIN

Introduction

IVERMECTIN (ivermectin) is an injectable parasiticide for cattle and swine. One low-volume dose effectively treats and controls the following internal and external parasites that may impair the health of cattle and swine: gastrointestinal roundworms (including inhibited Ostertagia ostertagi  in cattle), lungworms, grubs, sucking lice, and mange mites of cattle; and gastrointestinal roundworms, lungworms, lice, and mange mites of swine.

Product Description

Ivermectin is derived from the avermectins, a family of potent, broad-spectrum antiparasitic agents isolated from fermentation of Streptomyces avermitilis.

IVERMECTIN Injection is a clear, ready-to-use, sterile solution containing 1% ivermectin, 40% glycerol formal, 1.5% benzyl alcohol (preservative), and propylene glycol, q.s. ad 100%. It is formulated to deliver the recommended dose level of 200 mcg ivermectin/kilogram of body weight in cattle when given subcutaneously at the rate of 1 mL/110 lb (50 kg).

In Swine, IVERMECTIN Injection is formulated to deliver the recommended dose level of 300 mcg ivermectin/kilogram body weight when given subcutaneously in the neck at the rate of 1 mL/75 lb (33 kg.)

Mode of Action

Ivermectin is a member of the macrocyclic lactone class of endectocides which have a unique mode of action. Compounds of the class bind selectively and with high affinity to glutamate-gated chloride ion channels which occur in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells. This leads to an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to chloride ions with hyperpolarization of the nerve or muscle cell, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite. Compounds of this class may also interact with other ligand-gated chloride channels, such as those gated by the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

The wide margin of safety is attributable to the fact that mammals do not have glutamate-gated chloride channels, the macrocyclic lactones have a low affinity for other mammalian ligand-gated chloride channels and they do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier.

Product Indications

Cattle: IVERMECTIN Injection is indicated for the effective treatment and control of the following harmful species of gastrointestinal roundworms, lungworms, grubs, sucking lice, and mange mites in cattle:

Gastrointestinal Roundworms (adults and fourth-stage larvae):

Ostertagia ostertagi (including inhibited O. ostertagi)

O. lyrata

Haemonchus placei

Trichostrongylus axei

T. colubriformis

Cooperia oncophora

C. punctata

C. pectinata

Oesophagostomum radiatum

Bunostomum phlebotomum

Nematodirus helvetianus (adults only)

N. spathiger (adults only)

Lungworms (adults and fourth-stage larvae):

Dictyocaulus viviparus

Cattle grubs (parasitic stages):

Hypoderma bovis

H. lineatum

Sucking Lice:

Linognathus vituli

Haematopinus eurysternus

Solenopotes capillatus

Mites (Scabies):

Psoroptes ovis (syn. P. communis var. bovis)

Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis.

Persistent Activity

IVERMECTIN Injection has been proved to effectively control infections and to protect cattle from reinfection with Dictyocaulus viviparus for 21 days after treatment; Ostertagia ostertagi for 21 days after treatment; Oesophagostomum radiatum, Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia punctata, and Cooperia oncophora for 14 days after treatment.

Swine: IVERMECTIN Injection is indicated for the effective treatment and control of the following harmful species of gastrointestinal roundworms, lungworms, lice, and mange mites in swine:

Gastrointestinal Roundworms (adults and fourth-stage larvae):

Large roundworm, Ascaris suum

Red stomach worm, Hyostrongylus rubidus

Nodular worm, Oesophagostomum spp.

Threadworm, Strongyloides ransomi (adults only)

Somatic Roundworm Larvae:

Threadworm, Strongyloides ransomi (somatic larvae)

Sows must be treated at least seven days before farrowing to prevent infection in piglets.

Lungworms:

Metastrongylus spp. (adults)

Lice:

Haematopinus suis

Mange Mites:

Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis

Dosage

Cattle: IVERMECTIN should be given only by subcutaneous injection under the loose skin in front of or behind the shoulder at the recommended dose level of 200 mcg ivermectin per kilogram of body weight. Each mL of IVERMECTIN contains 10 mg of ivermectin, sufficient to treat 110 lb (50 kg) of body weight (maximum 10 mL per injection site).

Swine: IVERMECTIN should be given only by subcutaneous injection in the neck of swine at the recommended dose level of 300 mcg of ivermectin per kilogram (2.2 lb) of body weight. Each mL of IVERMECTIN contains 10 mg of ivermectin, sufficient to treat 75 lb of body weight.

Administration

Cattle: IVERMECTIN Injection is to be given subcutaneously only, to reduce risk of potentially fatal clostridial infection of the injection site. Animals should be appropriately restrained to achieve the proper route of administration. Use of a 16-gauge 1/2 to 3/4" needle is suggested. Inject under the loose skin in front of or behind the shoulder (see illustration).

Any single-dose syringe or standard automatic syringe equipment may be used with the 50 mL package size. When using the 200 mL or 500 mL package size, use only automatic syringe equipment.

Use sterile equipment and sanitize the injection site by applying a suitable disinfectant. Clean, properly disinfected needles should be used to reduce the potential for injection site infections. No special handling or protective clothing is necessary.

Swine: IVERMECTIN (ivermectin) Injection is to be given subcutaneously in the neck. Animals should be appropriately restrained to achieve the proper route of administration. Use of a 16- or 18-gauge needle is suggested for sows and boars, while an 18- or 20-gauge needle may be appropriate for young animals. Inject under the skin, immediately behind the ear (see illustration). Any single-dose syringe or standard automatic syringe equipment may be used with the 50 mL package size. When using the 200 mL or 500 mL package size, use only automatic syringe equipment. As with any injection, sterile equipment should be used. The injection site should be cleaned and disinfected with alcohol before injection. The rubber stopper should also be disinfected with alcohol to prevent contamination of the contents. Mild and transient pain reactions may be seen in some swine following subcutaneous administration.

SWINE Recommended Treatment Program

At the time of initiating any parasite control program, it is important to treat all breeding animals in the herd. After the initial treatment, use IVERMECTIN (ivermectin) Injection regularly as follows:

BREEDING ANIMALS:

FEEDER PIGS

(Weaners/Growers/Finishers)

All weaner/feeder pigs should be treated before placement in clean quarters.

Pigs exposed to contaminated soil or pasture may need retreatment if reinfection occurs.

NOTE: (1) IVERMECTIN Injection has a persistent drug level sufficient to control mite infestations throughout the egg to adult life cycle. However, since the ivermectin effect is not immediate, care must be taken to prevent reinfestation from exposure to untreated animals or contaminated facilities. Generally, pigs should not be moved to clean quarters or exposed to uninfested pigs for approximately one week after treatment. Sows should be treated at least one week before farrowing to minimize transfer of mites to newborn baby pigs.

(2) Louse eggs are unaffected by IVERMECTIN Injection and may require up to three weeks to hatch. Louse infestations developing from hatching eggs may require retreatment.

(3) Consult a veterinarian for aid in the diagnosis and control of internal and external parasites of swine.

Special Minor Use

Reindeer: For the treatment and control of warbles (Oedemagena tarandi) in reindeer, inject 200 micrograms ivermectin per kilogram of body weight, subcutaneously. Follow use directions for cattle as described under Administration.

American Bison: For the treatment and control of grubs (Hypoderma bovis) in American Bison, inject 200 micrograms ivermectin per kilogram of body weight, subcutaneously. Follow use directions for cattle as described under Administration.

Precautions

The product is not for intravenous or intramuscular use

Use sterile equipment and sanitize the injection site by applying a suitable disinfectant. Clean, properly disinfected needles should be used to reduce the potential for injection site infection

Transitory discomfort has been observed in some cattle following subcutaneous administration. A low incidence of soft-tissue swelling at the injection site has been observed. These reactions have disappeared without treatment.

For cattle, divide doses greater than 10 mL between two injection sites to reduce occasional discomfort or site reaction.

Observe cattle for injection site reactions. Reactions may be due to clostridial infection and should be aggressively treated with appropriate antibiotics. If injection site infections are suspected, consult your veterinarian.

IVERMECTIN Injection for Cattle and Swine has been developed specifically for use in cattle, swine, reindeer and American bison only. This product should not be used in other animal species as severe adverse reactions, including fatalities in dogs, may result.

Protect product from light.

When to Treat Cattle with Grubs

IVERMECTIN effectively controls all stages of cattle grubs. However, proper timing of treatment is important. For most effective results, cattle should be treated as soon as possible after the end of the heel fly (warble fly) season.

Destruction of Hypoderma larvae (cattle grubs) at the period when these grubs are in vital areas may cause undesirable host-parasite reactions including the possibility of fatalities. Killing Hypoderma lineatum when it is in the tissue surrounding the esophagus (gullet) may cause salivation and bloat, killing H. bovis when it is in the vertebral canal may cause staggering or paralysis. These reactions are not specific to treatment with IVERMECTIN, but can occur with any successful treatment of grubs. Cattle should be treated either before or after these stages of grub development. Consult your veterinarian concerning the proper time for treatment.

Cattle treated with IVERMECTIN after the end of the heel fly season may be retreated with IVERMECTIN during the winter for internal parasites, mange mites, or sucking lice without danger of grub-related reactions. A planned parasite control program is recommended.

Warning: Keep this and all drugs out of the reach of children.

Not for use in humans.

Environmental Safety

Studies indicate that when ivermectin comes in contact with the soil, it readily and tightly binds to the soil and becomes inactive over time. Free ivermectin may adversely affect fish and certain water-borne organisms on which they feed. Do not permit water runoff from feedlots or production sites to enter lakes, streams, or ponds. Do not contaminate water by direct application or by the improper disposal of drug containers. Dispose of containers in an approved landfill or by incineration.

How Supplied: IVERMECTIN Injection for Cattle and Swine is available in four ready-to-use sizes:

The 50 mL bottle contains sufficient solution to treat 10 head of 550 lb (250 kg) cattle or 100 head of 38 lb (17.3 kg) swine.

The 200 mL bottle contains sufficient solution to treat 40 head of 550 lb (250 kg) cattle or 400 head of 38 lb (17.3 kg) swine. Use automatic syringe equipment only.

The 500 mL bottle contains sufficient solution to treat 100 head of 550 lb (250 kg) cattle or 1000 head of 38 lb (17.3 kg) swine. Use automatic syringe equipment only.

The 1000 mL bottle contains sufficient solution to treat 200 head of 550 lb (250 kg) cattle or 2000 head of 38 lb (17.3 kg) swine. Use automatic syringe equipment only.

Restricted Drug - Use Only As Directed (California)

Store between 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F).

Dist