Canine influenza appears to be related to a strain of influenza that historically affected horses. It appears that the virus has mutated and now affects dogs also.  Canine influenza was discovered in 2004. At first, the canine influenza appeared to be contained to greyhound dogs around racetracks. According to the CDC, the first evidence of canine influenza in companion pet dogs was in spring 2005 from shelters, boarding facilities, humane societies and veterinarians that had submitted samples from dogs suspected of carrying the disease.  Currently, all dogs are at risk and there is not yet a vaccine available.  The majority of diagnosed with canine influenza experience a mild form of the disease that is not fatal. Symptoms typically include a persistent cough that may last for as long as three weeks.  If a nasal discharge develops, it can be treated effectively with antibiotics.  Dogs that experience a more aggressive form of canine influenza may have a high fever and exhibit increased respiratory rates and other indications of pneumonia which can also be treated with antibiotics.

Canine influenza appears to be spread as an airborne disease, similar to kennel cough (Bordetella bronchiseptica). Incubation is typically 2-5 days and physical contact between dogs does not appear to be necessary.  There is no evidence that humans can contract influenza from dogs.  Until a vaccine is developed, there is no way to fully protect your dog from contacting canine influenza. However, the more your dog is exposed to other dogs, the greater the chance of infection.  The symptoms of canine influenza are very similar to kennel cough with the first indication typically being a cough that may last for as long as three weeks even with the use of antibiotics.  If you suspect your dog may have canine influenza, contact your veterinarian immediately. Be sure to tell your veterinarian if your dog has been boarded, sent to the groomer or involved in any social activities (dog park, doggie day care, etc.) within the last month.